WASHINGTON —

       Congressional leaders reached agreement Thursday on a stopgap spending bill to keep the federal government running through mid-February, though a temporary shutdown was still possible with some Senate Republicans holding out over the Biden administration’s COVID-19 vaccine mandates for some workers.

       The House was expected to take up the spending measure later in the day. It would extend spending to Feb. 18, keeping it at current levels, though $7 billion is included to support Afghanistan evacuees.

       Rep. Rosa DeLauro (D-Conn.), chair of the House Appropriations Committee, had been pushing for the legislation to cover a much shorter time period, but Republicans were insistent that more time was needed to work out differences on a spending bill covering the entire fiscal year.

       “The end date is Feb. 18. While I wish it were earlier, this agreement allows the appropriations process to move forward toward a final funding agreement which addresses the needs of the American people,” DeLauro said in a statement.

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       If the House approves the measure, as expected, the bill would then be considered by the Senate for passage ahead of a midnight Friday deadline. But conservative Republicans opposed to Biden’s vaccine rules want Congress to take a hard-line stand against the mandated shots, even if it means shutting down federal offices over the weekend.

       One GOP senator after another left a private lunch meeting Wednesday voicing concern over being blamed for even a short stoppage of the federal government that would not play well with the public. In the Senate, any single senator can hold up proceedings to stall a vote.

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       Senate Majority Leader Charles E. Schumer said Democrats were prepared to support the funding bill and urged Republicans not to engage in shutdown politics.

       “Our Republican colleagues, meanwhile, can either work with us to move the process quickly through the chamber, or they can engage in obstructive tactics that will make a government shutdown almost a certainty,” said Schumer (D-N.Y).

       Political backlash over the Biden administration’s COVID-19 vaccination mandates has been building for months. The White House sees the vaccinations as the quickest way to end the pandemic, which has claimed more than 780,000 lives in the U.S. Wednesday sparked fresh fears, with the country’s first detected case of the Omicron variant, in California. During the last government shutdown battle in September, Republicans also tried to halt the vaccination mandate.

       As the political arguments mount over requiring vaccinations for some groups of workers, so, too, have legal challenges. Courts have been knocking back the Biden administration’s vaccination mandates, including a ruling this week blocking enforcement of a requirement for some healthcare workers.

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       For some Republicans, the court cases, along with their own worries about a potentially disruptive government shutdown, are shifting them away from engaging in a high-stakes shutdown.

       “One of the things I’m a little concerned about is: Why would we make ourselves the object of public attention by creating the specter of a government shutdown?” said Sen. John Cornyn (R-Texas), a party leader.

       On Wednesday, Republican Sen. Mike Lee of Utah made the case to his colleagues to link the effort to halt the vaccination mandates to the spending bill during a private lunch meeting at the Capitol.

       The idea is to have the Senate vote to strip funding from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to implement the Biden administration’s requirement that private employers with 100 or more workers ensure they are vaccinated or regularly tested, senators said.

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       Lee appears to have backing from a few senators and hard-line Republicans in the House. “This is a chance to correct a wrong,” said Sen. Roger Marshall (R-Kan.), who launched a similar effort against vaccination mandates during the last government funding battle.

       But among most other Republican senators, enthusiasm for a shutdown ran thin.

       “I just hate to see a shutdown — shut down the government — because people have been through a lot,” Sen. John Kennedy (R-La.) said while exiting the lunch session.

       At the White House, Press Secretary Jen Psaki was confident the government funding bill would be approved by Congress and routine federal operations would not shut down this weekend.

       “We have every confidence they will move forward and prevent the government from shutting down,” Psaki said.