Pakistan’s National Elections

       A Shocking Opposition Victory What Happens Next? Key Players Imran Khan Rises Again Khan’s A.I. ‘Victory Speech’

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       NEWS ANALYSIS

       The Rise, and Fall, and Rise Again of Imran Khan

       Mr. Khan’s success was fueled by social media, which drove Pakistan’s young people to turn out to vote and rebuff the country’s powerful military.

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       Imran Khan in Islamabad in 2019. Credit...Saiyna Bashir for The New York Times

       By Christina Goldbaum

       Reporting from Islamabad, Pakistan.

       Feb. 11, 2024

       When Pakistan’s government censored the media, former Prime Minister Imran Khan’s party posted campaign videos on TikTok. When the police barred his supporters from holding rallies, they hosted virtual gatherings online.

       And when Mr. Khan ended up behind bars, his supporters produced speeches using artificial intelligence to simulate his voice.

       Mr. Khan’s message resonated with millions across the country who were frustrated by the country’s economic crisis and old political dynasties: Pakistan has been on a steep decline for decades, he explained, and only he could restore its former greatness.

       The success of candidates aligned with Mr. Khan’s party in last week’s election — snagging more seats than any other in Parliament — was a stunning upset in Pakistani politics. Since Mr. Khan fell out with the country’s generals and was ousted by Parliament in 2022, his supporters had faced a military-led crackdown that experts said was designed to sideline the former prime minister.

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       His success marked the first time in Pakistan’s recent history that the political strategy used by the country’s powerful military for decades to keep its grip on power had suddenly veered off course. It also proved how Mr. Khan’s populist rhetoric and the country’s internet-savvy youth bulge are rewriting politics in Pakistan, a nuclear-armed nation of 240 million people that has struggled with military coups since its founding 76 years ago.

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       Young supporters of Mr. Khan on election day in Lahore. Credit...Saiyna Bashir for The New York Times

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       Christina Goldbaum is the Afghanistan and Pakistan bureau chief for The Times. More about Christina Goldbaum

       A version of this article appears in print on Feb. 12, 2024, Section A, Page 6 of the New York edition with the headline: Building a Following Online, Khan Rises Again in Pakistan . Order Reprints | Today’s Paper | Subscribe

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