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       Firefighters battle a six-alarm fire at a mattress factory in Toronto in 2014. Toronto firefighters are mourning the loss of two colleagues recently who died of cancer from their time on the job.

       Nathan Denette/The Canadian Press

       Two Toronto firefighters recently died of cancer from their time on the job, sending colleagues into mourning and serving as a stark reminder of the hazards of the career, the city’s acting fire chief said Friday.

       Toronto firefighters are mourning the loss of two colleagues who died of cancer from their time on the job.

       Capt. Martin Costoff died of brain cancer on Tuesday and Capt. George Daniel Thompson died on Aug. 11 from esophageal cancer, said Acting Chief Jim Jessop.

       “These hit hard,” Chief Jessop said.

       Capt. Costoff started his career in 1988 with North York Fire prior to amalgamation and eventually rose to the rank of captain with the Toronto Fire Service.

       Capt. Thompson also began his career in 1988, but with East York Fire. He, too, rose to captain with the service.

       “We have lost two of our family members,” Chief Jessop said.

       “It really is a stark reminder of the dangers the women and men of Toronto Fire Service face every day.”

       Chief Jessop said 50 active and retired Toronto firefighters have died of cancer from the job since Jan. 1, 2015.

       All are considered to have died in the line of duty, Chief Jessop said.

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       In 2007, the province amended the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act to create a statutory presumption for firefighters and fire investigators to receive compensation for heart injuries and certain cancers without having prove they are work related.

       There are 17 different types of cancers on the list and firefighters must have a certain amount of time on the job for each one in order to qualify, according to a policy manual from the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board.

       Capt. Costoff and Capt. Thompson began their careers, like Chief Jessop, in an era where safety rules were different than now, the acting chief said.

       “What we have seen is the longer-term impact of the materials and the combustion and the carcinogens that firefighters are exposed to everyday at work and the cumulative effect that that has on their health,” Chief Jessop said.

       The job has become more dangerous over the years, largely due to the changing materials used in homes and buildings, Chief Jessop said.

       Natural materials have given way to plastic and polyurethane for many furnishings.

       The time to flashover – the point when every piece of material reaches its ignition point and an untenable situation for firefighters to enter – has shrunk to 10 minutes, Chief Jessop said, from about 30 minutes.

       That has affected firefighters’ ability to conduct search and rescue operations inside a burning building.

       Those newer materials, when burned, also affect firefighters’ health, Chief Jessop said.

       “You get all of the chemicals in the off-gassing,” Chief Jessop said.

       “It’s been proven to result in a number of cancers that firefighters are predominantly more likely to get given our occupation.”

       Now, Chief Jessop said, the industry has become much more wise to the long-term dangers of fighting fires.

       Firefighters now clean off their equipment right after leaving a fire, they’ll leave their oxygen on so they’re not breathing fumes from their gear.

       Gone are the days of putting smoky helmets or gear back on, he said.

       “We are cleaning, we are decontaminating and doing everything within our power to reduce the probability of future firefighters from developing cancer,” Chief Jessop said.