The Home Secretary has told officials to examine ways of "strengthening controls" on the lethal weapons.
Jaswant Singh Chail, 19, was arrested allegedly with a crossbow after he climbed over a fence into the castle grounds.
A video said to have been sent to Chail's friends just minutes before his arrest showed a menacing figure in a dark hoodie and white mask, wielding a crossbow and threatening to murder the Queen.
The teenager was later sectioned under the Mental Health Act.
The crossbow review was launched earlier this year, but the Home Secretary has instructed officials to "incorporate any lessons" from the shocking incident at Windsor Castle.
One area under scrutiny is believed to be whether the age for legal possession should be raised from 18.
A Home Office spokesman said yesterday: "Crossbows are subject to controls, and legislation is in place to deal with those who use them as a weapon. At the Home Secretary's request, we are considering options to strengthen controls on crossbows.
"Work on this has been ongoing throughout the year, and we keep all relevant laws under review to maintain public safety."
Under current legislation, it is an offence for anyone under 18 to purchase or possess a crossbow.
It is also a crime for anyone to sell a crossbow to someone aged under 18.
Crossbows may also be considered offensive weapons. It is an offence to carry one in a public place without lawful authority or a reasonable excuse.
Demands for tighter controls were made last May following an inquest into the death of Shane Gilmer in Southburn, East Yorkshire.
Mr Gilmer, 30, was killed by a crazed neighbour who broke into his home in January 2018.
Killer Anthony Lawrence, who owned several crossbows, also shot and wounded Mr Gilmer's partner Laura Sugden, 27.
Lawrence, 55, was later found dead as police investigated.
In a report, coroner Professor Paul Marks told Ms Patel he was concerned there is "no ongoing control, record or licensing requirement for crossbows", unlike with firearms.