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Case against Russia over downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 can go ahead, court rules
2023-01-25 00:00:00.0     欧洲新闻电视台-欧洲新闻     原网页

       

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       A strong earthquake, with a preliminary magnitude of 5.9, struck off the southeastern Greek island of Rhodes on Wednesday, according to the Athens Geodynamic Institute.

       There were no immediate reports of damage or injuries.

       The quake was also felt in the nearby Turkish provinces of Mugla, Izmir and Antalya, with Turkey's AFAD emergency management agency saying it had a preliminary magnitude of 5.4.

       It is common for different seismological institutes to record variations in magnitude in the initial hours and days after a quake.

       There were no immediate reports of damage or injuries in Turkey either, although the earthquake caused panic in Mugla province, HaberTurk television said, with residents rushing out of buildings.

       The undersea quake struck at 14:37 Greek time and had an epicenter nearly 400 kilometres southeast of Athens and 58 kilometres southeast of the Rhodes town of Lindos, the Athens Geodynamic Institute said.

       Greece and Turkey lie in a highly seismically active region and experience hundreds of earthquakes each year.

       The vast majority cause no injuries or damage.

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       Europe's top human rights court ruled Wednesday that it can adjudicate on cases brought by the Netherlands and Ukraine against Russia for alleged rights violations in eastern Ukraine in 2014, including the downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17.

       The ruling by the Strasbourg-based European Court of Human Rights marks significant progress in efforts by the Netherlands and Ukraine to hold Russia legally accountable for its actions in Ukraine and could pave the way for compensation orders. The court said a judgment on the merits of the cases will follow at a later date.

       The cases were filed before Moscow launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine nearly a year ago.

       “Very good news: the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights is another important step in finding the truth and justice for the victims and their relatives of flight #MH17,” Dutch Justice Minister Dilan Yesilg?z-Zegerius said in a tweet.

       Foreign Minister Wopke Hoekstra also welcomed the ruling as a significant milestone in the search for accountability.

       “We will continue to do everything in our power to achieve justice for all 298 victims of flight #MH17 and their loved ones,” he tweeted.

       What's the background to this case?

       Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 was shot down over Ukraine by a Russian-made surface-to-air missile, fired by Moscow-backed separatists.

       All 298 people, most of whom were Dutch, died in the crash.

       Russia has denied responsibility for the disaster, though the Dutch government claims it played a key role.

       The case may result in Russia being obliged to pay damages to victims' families, but Moscow is unlikely to accept this verdict and be forthcoming with support.

       Russia was among the 47 countries to sign up to the ECHR, which is designed to protect human rights and basic freedoms in Europe, but left in September last year due to tensions with the West over Ukraine.

       The ECHR cannot overrule national governments.

       European Court of Human Rights urges Russia to tackle domestic violence European Court of Human Rights calls on Russia to suspend Memorial closure What is the European Court of Human Rights?

       The Boeing 777 was flying from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur in July 2014 when it was shot down, amid fighting between pro-Russian rebels and Ukrainian forces in the eastern Donbas region of Ukraine.

       In the days and weeks after the crash, the separatists and their Russian backers denied culpability while offering a string of shifting explanations.

       Russia later vetoed a UN resolution to create a tribunal that would have assigned blame for the incident. But video evidence surfaced that purported to show rebels combing through the still-smoking wreckage, seemingly dismayed at finding a civilian aircraft.

       Immediately after the crash, the Ukrainian government produced intercepted audio transmissions in which alleged pro-Russian separatists talked of having shot down a plane.

       For Malaysia Airlines it was the second disaster of 2014, following the disappearance of flight 370 in March.

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       FILE - People inspect the crash site of a passenger plane near the village of Hrabove, Russian-controlled Donetsk region of Ukraine on Thursday, July 17, 2014.Dmitry Lovetsky/AP

       At the ECHR, the Netherlands argued that Moscow played a central role in the aviation disaster, trying to prove that Moscow had "effective control" over the area of Ukraine where the missiles were fired from.

       Last year, a Dutch court found two Russians and a Ukrainian guilty of murder or their part in the downing of MH17, sentencing them to life in prison.

       They were tried in absentia.

       All are thought to be in Russia, which is highly unlikely to hand over the men, deeming the verdict a politically motivated attack.

       The court said evidence presented at a hearing last year established that from 11 May 2014, areas in eastern Ukraine controlled by separatist rebels were “under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation” and that Moscow “had a significant influence on the separatists’ military strategy” including providing weapons, carrying out artillery attacks requested by the rebels and giving them political and economic support.

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       The court said there was enough evidence to establish the admissibility of most of Ukraine's claims of rights violations and a linked case about the downing of MH17 filed by the Netherlands. It said a small number of allegations were not admissible.

       The Strasbourg court is an important part of the Council of Europe, which is the continent’s foremost human rights institution. Russia was expelled from the council last year in an unprecedented move over Moscow’s invasion and war in Ukraine. However, the court can still deal with cases against Russia dating from before its expulsion.

       FILE - In this Sunday, July 20, 2014 file photo Ukrainian Emergency workers carry a victim's body in a body bag as pro-Russian fighters stand guard at the crash site of MalaysEvgeniy Maloletka/AP

       The cases in Strasbourg are separate from a criminal prosecution in the Netherlands in which two Russians and a Ukrainian rebel were convicted in absentia in November of multiple murders for their roles in the downing of flight MH17 over eastern Ukraine on July 17, 2014. All 298 passengers and crew were killed when the Boeing 777 flying from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur was shot down over eastern Ukraine.

       In its case at the human rights court, the Netherlands argues that Moscow played a key role in the downing of flight MH17 and argues that Russia's failure to investigate and lack of cooperation with Dutch prosecutors, along with its denials of involvement, have compounded the suffering of friends and relatives of those killed.

       Dutch prosecutors say the missile system that downed MH17 was trucked into Ukraine from a military base in Russia and returned there after the shootdown.

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       Ukraine filed cases against Moscow alleging numerous violations of the European Convention on Human Rights, including “unlawful military attacks against civilians which caused many fatalities, including the shooting down of flight MH17, and the summary execution and beating to death of civilians” and soldiers no longer taking part in hostilities. It also accused Russia of abducting 85 Ukrainian children.

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       Among the reasons given by the ECHR for declaring the appeals admissable was the fact that the Strasbourg judged ruled "that the areas of eastern Ukraine in the hands of the separatists were, from 11 May 2014 and at least until 26 January 2022, under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation".

       In its ruling on admissibility, the ECHR made also referred to the presence in eastern Ukraine of Russian military personnel since April 2014 and the large-scale deployment of Russian troops on August 2014 at the latest.

       The judges then pointed out that Moscow "had a significant influence on the military strategy of the separatists, to whom had supplied weapons and other military equipment on a significant scale from the early days, and that finally at their had carried out artillery attacks at their request".

       The ECHR will now have to proceed to examine the merits of the appeals to decide whether Moscow should be condemned for the violations of which it is accused.

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       A court in Russia has ordered the shutdown of the country’s oldest human rights organisation, the Moscow Helsinki Group, amid a relentless crackdown on voices critical of the Kremlin.

       The NGO was established in 1976 by Soviet dissidents and produced regular reports on human rights abuses across the country.

       A judge reportedly took less than 20 minutes to rule in favour of a motion by the Justice Ministry to dissolve the group, which was one of the last independent human rights organisations in Russia.

       The ministry has accused the NGO of violating its legal registration in Moscow by working on human rights cases outside of the Russian capital.

       After a months-long bloody battle, Ukraine's army admits losing Soledar to Russian forces Fact check: A Ukrainian soldier did not pose next to a Russian fighter's corpse Case against Russia over downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17 can go ahead, court rules

       The organisation has described the accusations as ‘minute and absurd’ saying the court decision was a serious blow to the human rights movement, not only in Russia but also the world.

       Since its invasion of Ukraine almost two years ago, the Kremlin has cracked down on rights groups, independent media outlets, and opposition activists that show any sign of dissent.

       The forced closure of the Moscow Helsinki Group comes just 13 months after the same Moscow court shut down another veteran human rights organisation, the Memorial Human Rights Centre, also at the ministry’s request.

       


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关键词: separatists     Netherlands     rights     Ukraine     court     Moscow     Russia     crash    
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