AUSTIN, Texas —

       Texas Republicans advanced new voting restrictions Thursday night after months of protests by Democrats, who after returning from a 38-day walkout are now all but out of ways to stop a bill that would ban drive-thru voting and empower partisan poll watchers.

       The nearly 50-page bill passed the Texas House on a 79-37 mostly party-line vote, moving fast a week after Democrats ended their holdout. Republican Gov. Greg Abbott says he will sign the measure, which is on track to reach his desk by early September, if not sooner.

       In what is now the GOP’s third try at passing the bill since May, the atmosphere was charged. For more than 12 hours, Republicans defended the changes as election safeguards, while Democrats, who unsuccessfully tried to amend the bill, continued to say it would disproportionately impact people of color. At one point, Republican Dade Phelan, the House speaker, interrupted lawmakers to tell them not to accuse each other of racism — or even say the word.

       In the end, the bill easily passed the Republican-dominated chamber, just as Democrats knew it would once they returned.

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       Texas is now set to become the latest big GOP state to pass tighter voting laws driven by former President Trump’s false claims that the 2020 election was stolen. When one exchange Thursday turned to the violent Jan. 6 U.S. Capitol riot, Republican Kyle Biedermann, who was in Washington that day, downplayed the attack and rejected the description of it as an insurrection.

       In seeking to stop the bill, more than 50 Democrats had gone to Washington to prevent a quorum at home and to press Congress on voting rights legislation. On Wednesday, the U.S. House passed federal voting rights legislation that congressional Democrats say would help beat back the voting restrictions advanced in states such as Texas. But Democrats do not have the votes to overcome opposition from Senate Republicans.

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       “As much as you might decry our need to go to Washington, I really beg for federal protection,” Texas state Rep. Rafael Anchia, a Democrat, said.

       Some Republicans did not hide their frustration with Democrats’ refusal to return until now.

       “I think you could care a little more, and should have been here,” J.M. Lozano said during one exchange with Anchia.

       The bill now goes back to the state Senate, which already signed off on a similar version this month following a 15-hour filibuster by Democrat Carol Alvarado.

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       Democrats have virtually no legislative means left to stop the bill, which includes a raft of changes to the state’s election code that would make it harder to cast a ballot in Texas.

       Among other things, it prohibits drive-thru voting and threatens local elections officials with felony charges if they send mail-in voting applications to voters who don’t request one. Many of the provisions take aim at Harris County — which includes Houston and is a major Democratic stronghold — after leaders there expanded ways to vote during the COVID-19 pandemic.

       It also states that poll watchers, who are appointed by campaigns and political parties, cannot be denied “free movement” and makes it a crime for election judges to obstruct them. Concerns raised by Democrats about voter intimidation and disruption were met with Republicans pointing to oaths and training that poll watchers are required to take.

       For months, Texas Republicans accused Democrats of exaggerating the bill’s impact and maintained that it was not driven by Trump’s loss to President Biden, even as some have dodged questions about whether they believe the election was stolen. Republicans say that the latest version would require another extra hour daily of early voting, and result in more counties offering at least 12 hours of early voting on weekdays.

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       “Texas affords an immense amount of opportunity to vote,” said Republican state Rep. Andrew Murr, who is carrying the bill in the House.

       The bill must reach Abbott’s desk by Labor Day weekend. Otherwise, Republicans will have to start over for a fourth time.