WASHINGTON —

       President Biden is ordering the release of 1 million barrels of oil per day from the nation’s strategic petroleum reserve for six months, the White House said Thursday, in a bid to control energy prices that have spiked as the U.S. and allies imposed steep sanctions on Russia over its invasion of Ukraine.

       Biden was to formally announce the release later Thursday.

       The White House said Biden would also call on Congress to impose financial penalties on oil and gas companies that lease public lands but aren’t producing. He also intends to invoke the Defense Production Act to encourage the mining of critical minerals for batteries in electric vehicles.

       The White House characterized the release of the petroleum as a bridge until output increases from domestic producers. Administration officials estimate that average production will grow by 1 million barrels a day this year and an additional 700,000 barrels daily in 2023.

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       The move by Biden shows that oil remains a key vulnerability for the U.S. at home and abroad. Higher prices have hurt Biden’s approval ratings domestically, while also adding billions of oil-export dollars to Russia as it wages war on Ukraine.

       The release of reserves in the U.S. would create pressures that could reduce oil prices, though Biden has already twice ordered releases from the strategic reserves without causing a meaningful shift in oil markets.

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       Part of Biden’s concern is that high prices have not — so far — led to a meaningful jump in oil production. The planned release is a way to increase supplies.

       The markets reacted quickly, with crude oil prices dropping more than 3% on Thursday morning to roughly $104 a barrel. Still, oil is up from roughly $60 a year ago, with supplies failing to keep up with demand as the world economy has begun to rebound from the COVID-19 pandemic.

       The U.S. uses about 21 million barrels of oil daily, with about 40% in the form of gasoline, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

       Domestic oil production is equal to more than half of the country’s usage, but high prices have not led companies to return to their pre-pandemic levels of output. The U.S. is producing on average of 11.7 million barrels daily, down from 13 million barrels a day in early 2020.

       Republican lawmakers have said the problem rests with the Biden administration being hostile to oil permits and the construction of new pipelines such as the Keystone XL. Democrats have countered that the country needs to move to renewable energy such as wind and solar that could reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and Russian President Vladimir Putin’s leverage.

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       “I think the administration’s anti-fossil fuel views are sort of like a religion,” Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) told Punchbowl News on Thursday. “They’re kind of unconnected with the needs of not only our country but the world. This policy is driven by the hard left, which the president almost never crosses. And, until that policy changes, we’re going to have a problem.”

       Oil producers have been more focused on meeting the needs of investors than consumers, according to a survey released last week by the Dallas Federal Reserve. About 59% of the executives surveyed said investor pressure to preserve “capital discipline” amid high prices was the reason they weren’t pumping more, while fewer than 10% blamed government regulation.

       The steady release from the reserves would almost close the domestic production gap relative to February 2020, before the coronavirus caused a steep decline in oil output.

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       The Biden administration in November announced the release of 50 million barrels from the strategic reserve in coordination with other countries. And after the Russia-Ukraine war began, the U.S. and 30 other countries agreed to an additional release of 60 million barrels from reserves, with half of the total coming from the U.S.

       According to the Department of Energy, which manages it, more than 568 million barrels of oil were held in the reserve as of March 25.

       News of the administration’s planning was first reported by Bloomberg.

       Associated Press writer Michael Balsamo contributed to this report.