It is “disappointing” that government officials did not adhere to the Covid rules put in place to control the spread of the virus, chief scientific adviser Sir Patrick Vallance has said.

       Sir Patrick , 62, was one of the key scientists who updated the public through televised briefings during the pandemic, sometimes accompanied by prime minister Boris Johnson.

       He was speaking after collecting an honour from the Duke of Cambridge at Buckingham Palace for helping to lead the UK’s battle against coronavirus.

       He received his honour as Mr Johnson insisted he will survive Conservative critics’ attempts to overthrow him over lockdown breaches.

       When asked about the partygate scandal, Sir Patrick said: “It was really important at all stages that everyone stuck to the rules. It works when people stuck to them. It is disappointing that that wasn’t the case.”

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       Sir Patrick said the darkest days of the pandemic came amid the “huge uncertainty” about the fast-spreading virus, including when Mr Johnson was struck down with Covid-19.

       He recalled those as “difficult” times and said there will be further waves of infection, but the nation should now be in a better place to deal with it.

       He said: “The darkest days were in many ways the early days of the pandemic when obviously lots of people became very ill quite quickly - obviously people in the government fell ill and the prime minister was very ill, and those were very difficult days.

       “It was mostly about the uncertainty. We did not know much about the virus. We did not know much about exactly how it spread.

       “We did not know there were going to be vaccines and treatments.

       “We hoped there would be and we were trying to work on them, but we just did not know. There was huge uncertainty at that time and that was most difficult.”

       William joked with him that this was “second time lucky” as he presented Sir Patrick, who was originally knighted in the 2019 New Year Honours list, with an upgraded award which makes him a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath.

       This recognises the work of senior military officials and civil servants.

       Sir Patrick said the most positive time during the pandemic was when the UK became the first place in the world with an approved vaccine.

       He said: “It was a real moment where we thought ‘this is going to be a way out of this’ even though it was over a year before it was finally a way to getting out of it.

       “It was the thing that changed the course of the pandemic.”

       Sir Patrick believes that winter could be a testing time but the NHS leadership is aware of the potential task it may face in dealing with infections and is preparing itself for it.

       He said: “We are in a very different position (now) because of the high degree of vaccination and immunity in the population. We will see, I’m afraid, further waves of infection, maybe next winter.”

       Sir Patrick believes there will “probably be an annual vaccine for people over a certain age” that could be introduced and eventually the situation will be one where it is “more like a flu wave that we get every winter”.

       He added: “It will be difficult because there will be some people who are really affected by it but the key to this is proper vaccination and proper management in the health service.

       “Then, gradually over the next two or three years, I think this could settle into a background infection, but we are not quite there yet.”

       Sir Patrick praised “the most amazing scientists and experts” who helped to ensure there was evidence-based commentary during the pandemic at a time when people were dealing with some “horrific” things.

       He added: “It has been one of those experiences where you realise the importance of other people, humanity and the goodwill, hard work, passion and expertise.

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       “It is nice to feel trusted and I am grateful for that.

       “What I have tried to do, and what others have tried to do, is to make sure we are as honest and straightforward as possible about how we saw the situation at any given moment in the pandemic and to be as realistic as possible - both in terms of treatments and vaccines coming along, but also on what the course of the pandemic was.”